Jude 3
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But God demonstrates his love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.
Therefore, since we have now been justified by his blood, how much more shall we be saved from the wrath of God through him.
Romans 5:8-9
For there is no distinction, since all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,
And that they are justified freely by his grace, through redemption
who is in Christ Jesus,
That God had destined to be a propitiatory sacrifice; by faith, in his blood, in order to manifest his righteousness by the forgiveness of sins committed beforehand, during the days of God's patience;
In order, I say, to demonstrate his righteousness at this time, so that he may be justified, and as the one who justifies those who have faith in Jesus.
Romans 3:23-26
What is the difference between propitiation and atonement?
Are these the same or different?
Short Answer
Propitiation and atonement are two different things, but are both related to the same thing – neither would be required if sin did not exist. Bibles, such as the NIV that substitute propitiation with atonement, are doing a disservice to God at best and is belittling the work of Christ at worse, disregarding the fact our righteous God’s wrath required appeasement in order for grace to abound. Whilst atonement, which relates to the reality of cleansing, has at its focus an individual, and thus concerns reconciliation of sinners to God or more rightly denotes the way that reconciliation occurs, in that atonement provided by the blood of Christ reconciles the sinner to God, propitiation is concerned about God, in particular appeasing His wrath in order to satisfies His righteousness, enabling Him to justify those that turn to Him in faith. Propitiation enables God to demonstrate his love and grace; it does not produce these, but allows God to become consistent with his character in order for Him to have communion with people.
These two words have their commonality in the mercy seat, found on the Ark of the Covenant, under Mosaic Law. On the great Day of Atonement the high priest carried the blood of the sacrifice he offered for all the people within the veil of the Holy of Holies and sprinkled the “mercy-seat,” with it and so made propitiation. It is upon the mercy seat (which can be called the propitiation, i.e. as a noun) that the atonement takes place; the sacrifice of Christ, once for all, who offered himself, satisfied all that God’s righteousness requires in order to exercise grace to those that believe.
Therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith apart from the deeds of the law. (Romans 3:28)
David L. Simon
Excerpt from "What is the difference between propitiation and atonement?"
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